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Authors
Hong, Subeen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-7981
Lee, Kyung A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3654-5670
Jung, Young Mi
Jeong, Heechul
Sung, Ji-Hee
Seol, Hyun-Joo
Seong, Won Joon
Choi, Soo Ran
Lee, Joon Ho
Kim, Seung Chul
Choi, Sae-Kyoung
Kwon, Ji Young
Park, Hyun Soo
Ko, Hyun Sun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-6206
Cho, Geum Joon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-0944
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Catholic Medical Center Research Foundation made in the program year of 2025
Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center (PACEN) funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare (RS-2023-KH137595, RS-2023-KH137595)
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Article History
Received: 16 August 2024
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was also approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Korean University Guro Hospital (No. 2023GR0152). All methods were performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Anonymized and deidentifed information for participants was used for analysis, so the requirement for informed consent or parental permission was waived by the Institutional Review Board of the Korean University Guro Hospital.
