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Authors
Liu, Mengfen
Chen, Jiawei
Zhu, Guangyao
Wang, Junke
Zhou, Zeng
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 17 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Hunan Mechanical & Electrical Polytechnic (2024019) prior to its commencement. Written informed consent was obtained from parents/guardians who were willing to participate in the study.Each participant signed an informed consent form, affirming their voluntary involvement in the study, their comprehension of the study’s aims, and the use of their data.
: Not applicable.
