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Authors
Tan, Erqing
Chen, Tingting
Hao, He
Gao, Wenbin
Guo, Shuding
Cui, Heyang
Song, Bin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province
Research and Innovation Team Project for Scientific Breakthroughs at Shanxi Bethune Hospital
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Article History
Received: 13 April 2025
Accepted: 17 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Our study used data from the SEER database, following ethical guidelines per the Helsinki Declaration. As SEER is publicly available, no additional ethical approval was needed.
