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Article History

Received: 16 June 2025

Accepted: 18 October 2025

First Online: 21 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The author declare no competing financial or personal interests that could influence this work.

: This study was conducted in compliance with the ethical guidelines of Hunan University of Arts and Science. It was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Hunan University of Arts and Science (Approval No. TYXY-2025-04). All procedures involving human participants conformed to the ethical standards of the institutional research committee, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, and its subsequent amendments or comparable ethical principles.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before their inclusion in the study. The consent process included a detailed explanation of the research purpose, procedures, potential risks/benefits, and confidentiality measures, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional ethical guidelines. Participants were assured of their voluntary participation, right to withdraw without penalty, and the anonymized handling of their data in publications.