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Authors
Islam, Ariful
Islam, Monjurul
Sayeed, Md Abu
Ali, Tiasha
Islam, Shariful
Islam, Khondoker Shahriar
Khan, Md Arif
Khan, A. K. M. Dawlat
Hasan, Md Mehedi
Noman, Md Zulqarnine Ibne
Mamun, Abdullah-Al
Choudhury, Shusmita Dutta
Hassan, Mohammad Mahmudul
Shirin, Tahmina
Forwood, Jade K.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Conservation, Food, and Health Foundation
Training Hub promoting Regional Industry and Innovation in Virology and Epidemiology
Biosecurity Research program through Charles Sturt University
Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics
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Article History
Received: 23 April 2025
Accepted: 20 October 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study is approved by the Ethics committee of Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (Memo no: CVASU/Dir(R&E) EC/2020/241(5), Date:15/04/2021) and in accordance with the guidelines and regulations in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants by trained study staff after verbally explaining the study objectives, procedures, and consent form in detail to each participant. For participants who were illiterate (had no formal education but were able to sign), the study objectives, procedures, and confidentiality assurances were verbally explained in the local language. After confirming understanding, informed consent was obtained from their guardian or legally authorized representative, and participants provided written consent either by signature or thumbprint in the presence of a witness.
