Rodríguez, Juan Luis González https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3538-1795
Parrado, Carmen Vías https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5370-4891
Cordero-Ramos, Jaime https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6223-3844
Bouallou, Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3932-6417
Armengol de la Hoz, Miguel Ángel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7012-2973
Arias, Federico Argüelles https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-8919
Funding for this research was provided by:
EU-NextGenerationEU and the Recovery, Transformation, and Resilience Plan, granted to the Ministry of Employment, Training, and Autonomous Work (SE/INV/0008/2022, SE/INV/0008/2022, SE/INV/0008/2022, SE/INV/0008/2022, SE/INV/0008/2022)
Sociedad Andaluza de Patología Digestiva through the Beca del Grupo Andaluz de Trabajo de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal 2022
Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa
Article History
Received: 11 February 2025
Accepted: 20 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Coordinating Ethics Committee for Biomedical Research of Andalusia (CCEIBA, protocol code FPS-EII-2021-04, version 1 dated September 14, 2021). The Committee, acting under the authority of the Consejería de Salud y Consumo, Secretaría General de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Salud, Dirección Gerencia del Servicio Andaluz de Salud, confirmed that the study meets the ethical requirements established by Royal Decree 957/2020, the Declaration of Helsinki, and applicable regulations. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the Coordinating Ethics Committee for Biomedical Research of Andalusia (CCEIBA) waived the need for obtaining informed consent. All research procedures were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: The authors declare no competing interests.