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Article History

Received: 3 April 2025

Accepted: 22 October 2025

First Online: 24 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Before the experiment began, we obtained approval from the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Huashang College, with the ethics approval number 20240810. This research was conducted in full compliance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations.

: All participants in the interviews provided written informed consent and were informed about the purpose, procedures, and voluntary nature of their participation. The research team ensured that all collected information would be kept strictly confidential and used solely for the purposes of this study. This study was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations.