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Authors
Kanesaka, Manato
Sazuka, Tomokazu
Kita, Yuki
Fukuhara, Hideo
Takaoka, Naoto
Sugino, Yusuke
Matsushita, Yuto
Mori, Keiichiro
Ieda, Kenji
Shimizu, Yosuke
Anami, Toshiki
Tsuchihashi, Kazunari
Kobayashi, Mizuki
Tatarano, Shuichi
Miyake, Makito
Matsui, Yoshiyuki
Kitamura, Hiroshi
Nishiyama, Hiroyuki
Kimura, Takahiro
Kobayashi, Takashi
Ichikawa, Tomohiko
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Article History
Received: 1 August 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine (approval number R3245) and by the local Institutional Review Board at each participating institute. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and later amendments, and all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out method. The requirement to obtain written patient consent was waived because this was a retrospective review of medical data for procedures that were covered by national health insurance.
