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Article History

Received: 25 March 2025

Accepted: 27 October 2025

First Online: 7 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was carried out according to the Declaration of Helsinki and the recommendations of Good Practice Secondary Data Analysis (GPS), Good Practice Data Linkage (GPD) and Good Epidemiological Practice (GEP). Data linkage was carried out by the Trusted Third Party Office of the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and was based on approved § 75 applications (SGB X, German social law) from the responsible regulatory authorities. Individual patient consent was not required for the analysis and linkage of social data due to the approval of the § 75 applications by the respective regulatory authorities.

: A vote of the responsible ethics committee of the TU Dresden, registered at the institutional review board (IRB): Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP); identification numbers: IRB00001473 and IORG0001076 was granted (BO-EK-175042022). This study is approved by the ethics committee of the TU Dresden. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the need to obtain the informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of the TU Dresden.

: Unrelated to this study, JS reports institutional grants for investigator-initiated research from the German GBA, BMG, BMBF, EU, Federal State of Saxony, Novartis, Sanofi, ALK, and Pfizer. He also participated in advisory board meetings as a paid consultant for Sanofi, Lilly, and ALK. JS is a member of the Expert Council on Health and Care at the Federal Ministry of Health and a member of the government commission for modern and needs-based hospital care of the current German Coalition.The other authors declare no conflict of interest regarding this study.