Senbeta, Mebratu Demissie
Derribow, Aberash Beyene
Belay, Aynalem
Terefe, Ayana Benti
Abera, Mangistu
Article History
Received: 28 August 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Health Research Ethics Review Committee (IHRERC) of Wolkite University (Ref. No.: CMHS/IRB’s 0025/2023). The study was conducted based on the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethical letter was given to Wolkite town and each kebele to initiate the permission process to collect data. The purpose of the study, participants’ right to refuse, confidentiality, and voluntary participation were explained in detail to the study participants, and informed written consent was obtained. Moreover, consent from participants with no formal education was obtained after the information sheet was read aloud in the local language and documented by thumb impression with a witness. Additionally, written informed consent was obtained from the legally authorized representatives of all minors (under the age of 18 years) before enrollment. Coding was implemented to remove respondents’ names and other personal identifiers throughout the study to ensure participant confidentiality.