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Authors
Nasih, Mahmoud
Mbyayingabo, Dieudonne
Li, Yutong
Osama, Almustafa
Qiao, Ying
Li, Yan
Liu, Jiawen
Wu, Zi-xuan
Zou, Rui
Guo, Yucheng
wang, Fei
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Article History
Received: 31 May 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was ethically approved by the Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Medical Ethics Committee under the ethical approval number: 2024-XJKQIEC-KY-QT-0052-001. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
