Yan, Mengzhen
Hu, Xiaoliang
Huang, Zhenyu
Hu, Yunbing
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52405590)
Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJQN202303106)
Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Hubei University of Automotive Technology (BK202401)
Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Hubei Province (D20241804)
Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronics (ZDK12024B05)
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.