Wang, Zhi
Wang, Kuan
Wang, Xilong
Jiang, Zhangsu
Qian, Zengzhi
Fang, Hongwei
Zhou, Daxing
Pan, Jiangwei
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC) Science and Technology R&D Program (2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15, 2023-B08; 2022-B15)
CRCG scientific and technological project (25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c, 25-48c; 25-29c)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3705904)
Article History
Received: 23 July 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.