Palange, Norberto Jose https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-3224
Obua, Tonny https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1134-3255
Sserumaga, Julius Pyton https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5152-2835
Wembabazi, Enoch
Ochwo-Ssemakula, Mildred
Adjei, Emmanuel Amponsah
Dramadri, Isaac Onziga
Edema, Richard
Matovu, Moses
Kweyu, Sharon Valerie
Badji, Arfang
Nuwamanya, Ephraim
Tukamuhabwa, Phinehas
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund of the Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology
Carnegie Corporation of New York
the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1093174)
Article History
Received: 6 September 2024
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The seeds used in the study are owned by the Makerere University Centre for Soybean Improvement and Development (MAKCSID) led by Senior Soybean Breeder in Uganda, Prof. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa. Therefore, the collection of the seeds used in the study complies with local or national guidelines with no need for further affirmation.
: All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.