Updates are available Correction dated 2026-01-27
Click to view Correction: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37384-3
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Authors
Dolui, Mriganka https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-0299
Sarkar, Sanjit https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-3098
Chambhare, Anupkumar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0819-8295
Jena, Sameer Kumar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2662-9590
Kazmi, Nawazish Hasan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7899-9066
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2024
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Change Date: 27 January 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37384-3
Declarations
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: The study utilizes secondary data from the 2019-21 National Family and Health Survey round five (NFHS-5), which is the Indian iteration of the demographic health survey (DHS). The dataset does not contain any personal identity or information about the individuals who participated in the survey. Consequently, the investigation did not need ethical approval. The data can be accessed by requesting it on the official website of DHS: .
: The authors declare no competing interests.
