Cai, Yanwei
Li, Zongtao
Liu, Hao
Zhao, Yanzhao
Zhao, Lei
Wu, Tianying
Jia, Chunying
Lv, Ke
Wang, Jiaqi
Wang, Keshan
Zheng, Yajie
Gao, Yingjie
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hebei Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security (C2023034)
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (19BTY045)
Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted by the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Hebei Normal University (Approval No. 2023LLSC015).