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Authors
Touré, Mamour
Fall, Amadou
Burnham, Alana
Beye, Alioune
Badiane, Sidikairou
Lawton, Douglas
Cease, Arianne J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Agency for International Development (720FDA18GR00100)
National Science Foundation, United States (IOS-1942054)
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 15 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent from all participants was obtained following a protocol approved by Arizona State University’s Institutional Review Board. Informed consent of the people pictured in Fig. was obtained.
