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Authors
Li, Xiaowei
Gao, Mingdong
Xiao, Jianyong
Wang, Jixiang
Zhang, Nan
Lu, Pengju
Wang, Yuhang
Liu, Yin
Gao, Jing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Fund Project of Tianjin Municipal Health Commission (No. TJWJ2021MS027)
the Tianjin Health Research Youth Project (No. TJWJ2021QN058)
the Key Project of Scientific and Technological Support Plan of Tianjin in 2020 (No. 20YFZCSY00820)
the Key Disciplines of Tianjin Health Research Project (No. TJWJ2022XK032)
the Key Projects of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (No. 22JCZDJC00130)
the Tianjin Medical Key Construction Discipline Project (No. TJYXZDXK-055B)
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Article History
Received: 25 January 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Internal Review Board of Tianjin Chest Hospital (No. 2018KY-010-01), and all included patients provided signed informed consent before participating in the study.
