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Authors
Kozman, Magy R.
Ewees, Mohamed Gamal El-Di
Ahmed, Yasmin M.
El-Shoura, Ehab A. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-7549
Alqahtani, Saad Misfer
Ahmed, Lamiaa Khalaf
Farghaly, Omar A.
Sabry, Mostafa
Ahmed, Yasmine H.
Abdel Rahman, Fatma El-Zahraa S.
Atwa, Ahmed M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Al-Azhar University
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All experimental procedures were fully approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch (Approval ID: ZA-AS/PH/5/C/2023). The animal care and experiments adhered to internationally recognized standards for the care and use of laboratory animals, outlined in the US National Institutes of Health guidelines (NIH publication #85 − 23, revised in 1985), and complied with the Egyptian Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All procedures followed the ARRIVE guidelines. Great care was taken to minimize the number of animals used and to reduce their discomfort, with gentle handling to avoid unnecessary disturbances, squeezing, pressure, or rough manipulation.
