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Article History

Received: 2 August 2025

Accepted: 13 November 2025

First Online: 24 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors confirm that all experimental procedures in this study were strictly adherence to the ARRIVE guidelines. Animal care and use procedures in this study strictly adhered to the relevant institutional and national guidelines for animal care and use. Specifically, the experimental protocol was oversight and approved by the animal care and use committee of East China Normal University (Approval Number: m20250302). All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and ensure compliance with the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (3Rs) in animal research. In cases where an equivalent ethics committee oversaw the study, the approval documentation has been retained and is available upon request. A scanned copy of the approval document is also attached.