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Authors
Xu, Shishi
Wang, Linping
Wu, Yingying
Xia, Yufang
Wang, Lingzhi
Yu, Xiao
Sun, Xin
Lou, Yanhui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Shinan District Science and Technology Program in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China (2022–2–006-YY)
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Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 13 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All experimental protocols involving animals were approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Review Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (Approval No. AHQU-MAL20230616), and protocols involving human tissues were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the same institution (Approval No. QYFY WZLL 30704). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional guidelines, and performed in compliance with relevant regulations and ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects involved in the study. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients to publish this paper.
