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Authors
Rezazadeh, Amin
Najafpour, Alireza
Soleimanzadeh, Ali
Amniattalab, Amir
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Article History
Received: 9 July 2025
Accepted: 17 November 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All protocols were approved by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine’s Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments at Islamic Azad University (IR.IAU.URMIA.REC.1403.092). All animal experiments comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and follow the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986, and associated guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments. Animal numbers were minimized per 3Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).
: While preparing this work the author(s) used ChatGPT to make the text native. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the publication’s content.
