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Authors
Xiao, Pan
Huang, Hui-Chao
Li, Chen
Wu, An-Hua
Huang, Xun
Li, Chun-Hui
Zhu, Fei-Yun
Liu, Si-Di
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China (No. 2022M713512)
the Youth Talent Support Project for the Development of Hospital Infection Discipline, Hospital Infection Control Branch, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association (No.YG-2024012900111)
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Article History
Received: 5 September 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 30 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Liuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: 202400501). All participants in this study provided informed consent prior to their involvement. The purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the research were clearly explained in both written and verbal formats. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
