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Authors
Zhang, Chen
Su, Dong-Mei
Wang, Xiao-Qiong
Cao, Peng
Li, Meng-Die
Fu, Lin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Second People's Hospital of Hefei City hospital-level topics (2024ykc010)
The Second People's Hospital of Hefei City hospital-level topics (2024ykc010)
Applied Medical Research Project of Heifei Municipal Health Commission (Hwk2023zd012)
Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province (2024AH050703)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670060)
National Natural Science Foundation Incubation Program of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (2020GQFY05)
Scientific Research of Health Commission in Anhui Province (AHWJ2021b091)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: This study was supported by the Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University and met the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki. All the COPD patients and controls agreed to participate in this study and signed the informed consent form by themselves or their authorized children.
