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Authors
Wang, Lu
Li, Yibo
Lei, Yuhui
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Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 30 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan University, China.
: We confirm that this paper involves online questionnaire surveys completed by university learners. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their legal guardian(s).
