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Authors
Kasagi Suzuki, Mioko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-8229
Okita, Taketoshi
Enzo, Aya
Saito, Osamu
Asai, Atsushi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-1452
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Centre
Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Centre
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Article History
Received: 1 May 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, 2017). The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Centre (approval number: 2020b-149) and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine (approval number: 2020-1-1155). There was no clinical trial number associated with this study. Participants were informed about audio recording of interviews, anonymity, data confidentiality, voluntary participation, and dissemination of results at academic conferences and in publications. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
