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Article History

Received: 14 August 2025

Accepted: 25 November 2025

First Online: 13 December 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors declare that this manuscript is original, has not been published before and is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. The authors confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that no other persons have satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. The authors further confirm that all have approved the order of authors listed in the manuscript of us. The authors understand that the corresponding author is the sole contact for the Editorial process. The corresponding author is responsible for communicating with the other authors about progress, submissions of revisions and final approval of proofs. This study did not involve human participants or animals; no ethical approval was required. All research procedures adhered to relevant ethical guidelines and best practices for non-human and non-animal research.