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Authors
Ban, Yaxin
Wang, Hao
Gu, Yunfei
Chen, Haojie
Liang, Rubing
Jin, Yuge
Li, Zhishuai
Li, Xingke
Li, Songsen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (232300420247)
Science and Technology Plan Project of Luoyang City (2022027Y)
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Article History
Received: 7 October 2025
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 14 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University (approval number: LWLL-2023-11-07-01), and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. Patients in the prospective cohort provided written informed consent before being included in the study. For the retrospectively collected data used in this study, patient informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
