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Authors
Iwai, Komei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-7430
Hiroshimaya, Takatoshi
Azuma, Tetsuji
Yonenaga, Takatoshi
Tabata, Koichiro
Watanabe, Kazutoshi
Deguchi, Fumiko
Obora, Akihiro
Kojima, Takao
Tamaki, Naofumi
Tomofuji, Takaaki
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 8 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Asahi University Ethics Committee (No. 27010 and 30018) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written, informed consent. This cross-sectional study was conducted following the STROBE guidelines.
