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Authors
Ghosh, Attri
Freda, Philip J.
Shahrestani, Shane
Orlenko, Alena
Scheer, Justin K.
Obafemi-Ajayi, Tayo
Moore, Jason H.
Walker, Corey T.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA063751)
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Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All data were collected, and methods performed, according to the relevant guidelines and regulations of the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB) under study approval identifier ‘STUDY00001926’. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Cedars-Sinai IRB due to the retrospective design, use of existing clinical data, no direct patient contact, and judgement of minimal risk to participants.
