Hing, Nicholas Yee Liang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-8466
Kuan, Pei Xuan
Mohamad, Emma Mirza Wati
Loo, Ching Ee
Perialathan, Komathi
Mohamad Norzlen, Aimi Nadiah
Yip, Yan Yee
Zainudin, Wan Mohd Shariffuddin
Abdul Samad, Shazimah
Mohd Said, Zakiah
Hwong, Wen Yea
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Health Malaysia
Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.