Khan, Abdul Ahad Ghaffar
Abullais, Shahabe Saquib
Alqahtani, Ali Fahed
Alhumaidan, Abdulkareem
Almuaddi, Abdulmajeed
Alhussain, Nada Mohammed
Elfadeel, Abosofyan Salih Atta
Dhadse, Prasad
Khan, Wahaj Ahmad
Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 21 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Board (College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia) [SRC/ETH/2017–18/090].
: Not required as the study design is pure in-vitro.