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Authors
Rajkumar, S. C.
Yuvasini, D.
Selvarajan, Shitharth
Sivakumar, Nithya Rekha
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNURSP2025R194)
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Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All human-involved data collection procedures and evaluation protocols received ethical approval from the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of Anna University Regional Campus, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India (Approval No.: NMNTSTD9100008/01/2025). All procedures were carried out in accordance with institutional guidelines, applicable national regulations, and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Personally identifiable information was anonymised or removed prior to analysis.
: All annotators and voluntary contributors involved in the data collection and labeling process provided informed consent prior to participation, in accordance with the approved ethical protocol.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s identifiable data, images, or case details requiring explicit publication consent.
