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Authors
Shigematsu, Hideo
Sasada, Shinsuke
Hashizume, Junji
Sasada, Tatsunari
Ozaki, Shinji
Noma, Midori
Yoshiyama, Tomoyuki
Noriko, Goda
Kawamata, Ayumi
Emi, Akiko
Kaneko, Yuki
Kajitani, Keiko
Itagaki, Tomoko
Okada, Morihito
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National University Corporation Operating Grant
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed--> Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: was obtained in accordance with the review policy of each participating institution. Central ethical review by Hiroshima University Hospital covers Higashihiroshima Medical Center and Asa Citizens Hospital, while Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, and JA Onomichi General Hospital maintain independent institutional review board approvals. Because of the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Hiroshima University Hospital (approval number: E2014-1157). Study details were publicly disclosed, and an opt-out option was provided to patients.
