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Article History

Received: 14 August 2025

Accepted: 9 December 2025

First Online: 20 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All experimental research and field investigations utilizing Melaleuca alternifolia , including plant material collection and exploitation, were carried out in strict accordance with applicable institutional, national, and international norms and legislation. This guarantees that the research follows the ethical and legal guidelines for using plants in scientific studies. The plant leaves Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtaceae) was collected in January 2025 from the healthy plants in the hills of the Ooty district of Tamil Nadu, India. The herbarium was prepared by using plant material and Dr. M.R. Ganesh, Assistant Professor, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India.

: All authors have indorsed the publication of this research.

: All person named as author in this manuscript have participated in the planning, design and performance of the research and in the interpretation of the result.