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Authors
Kou, Zengshun
Wang, Yu
Zhu, Jiaxi
Zhu, Shuaizhi
Si, Zi’ang
Zhu, Hai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province
People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Project of Qingdao
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Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The subject followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Qingdao University (No: QDU-AEC-2024697).
