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Authors
Preuss, Anika
van de Kamp, Thomas
Hamann, Elias
Zuber, Marcus
Ornowski, Lina
Gorb, Stanislav N.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 12 December 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical review and approval were not required for this study, as all host animals were either found dead, died naturally, or were euthanized on welfare grounds, with none being killed specifically for this research. The authors were not involved in the euthanasia of the hosts, which was carried out by certified seal rangers for reasons unrelated to this study. All regulations regarding animal use were strictly followed.
