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Authors
Iftikhar, Hasnain
Hashem, Atef F.
Mohamud, Liban Ali
Al-Moisheer, A. S.
Medina, Ronny Ivan Gonzales
López-Gonzales, Javier Linkolk
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 13 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors confirm that all methods were conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Medical Complex, Buner, Pakistan (Approval No.: MCB/ERC/2024/017). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. For participants under 18 years of age, informed consent was obtained from a parent and/or legal guardian.
