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Authors
Awany, Denis
Claassen, Helgard
Carstens, Nadia
Mendelsohn, Simon C.
Erasmus, Mzwandile
Scriba, Thomas J.
Leslie, Al
Wong, Emily B.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID Contract 75N93019C00070)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID Contract 75N93019C00070)
Wellcome Trust (227167/A/23/Z)
Wellcome Trust (227167/A/23/Z)
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (1022002)
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Article History
Received: 20 February 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 30 December 2025
Declarations
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: TJS is co-inventor of two patents of host-blood transcriptomic signatures of TB risk, RISK6 (Penn-Nicholson6) and RISK4 (Suliman4). The other authors disclose no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for the baseline and follow-up studies was obtained from the Ethics Committees of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, the Partners Institutional Review Board, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and University College London. All study activities were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent.
