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Authors
Ma, Kai
Hu, Cong
Fu, Yi
Liu, Yu
Weng, Feiyang
Yao, Yibo
Wang, Chen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission-Shanghai Sinus Fistula Disease Research Center (2023ZZ02003)
High-level key discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZYYZDXK-2023064)
Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation (SHDC22024306)
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 19 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethics committee of Longhua Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China (Ethics code: 2020LCSY032).
: Written consent was obtained from all participants, and this study was approved bythe Ethics Committee of Longhua Hospital of Shanghai University of TraditionalChinese Medicine.
