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Authors
Ju, Yubin
Li, Jingwei
Zhang, Xiaopeng
Wu, Meijie
Pang, Xinyu
Li, Zhengyu
Wang, Junyang
Li, Jiaxin
Zhang, Yuanyuan
Dai, Xin
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University (Ethics Approval No. DAMLR 2025 No. 008). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent before participating in the study. They were informed of the study’s purpose, procedures, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Confidentiality and anonymity of the participants were ensured throughout the study.
