Assefa, Abiyu Ayalew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-3586
Tegegne, Kaleab Tesfaye
G/Tsadik, Sintayehu Assefa
Feleke, Tihun
Abera, Geleta
Zenebe, Andualem
Tediso, Dansamo
Melak, Kumlachew
Megersa, Seblewongel
Tadele, Alelgne
Article History
Received: 19 May 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All ethical guidelines and principles mentioned in the Declaration of Helsinki and other current regulations, which are essential to address the ethical aspects of research commenced in humans, were considered. Accordingly, this study was reviewed and ethical approval was issued by the Institutional Review Board of Hawassa College of Health Sciences on 14/5/2021 with Ref.No: HCHS05/15/234/1). Confidentiality was ensured using anonymity. Pregnant women with abnormal clinical and laboratory results were provided treatment and nutritional counselling. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant after explaining the objectives of the study, and they were informed of the right to withdraw from the study at any time.