Alkuraythi, Dalal M.
Alkhulaifi, Manal M.
Altwiley, Dina A.
Alarwi, Mohammed
Mujallad, Mohammed I.
Alshomrani, Mohammad K.
Gojobori, Takashi
Alajel, Sulaiman M.
Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The samples used in this study were collected during routine clinical diagnostics and fully anonymized prior to analysis. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of King Saud Medical City (approval number: H-01-R-053) and the Institutional Biosafety and Bioethics Committee of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (approval number: 22IBEC051). The requirement for informed consent was waived by both committees in accordance with national regulations and institutional policies.