Wang, Qunkai
Wei, Min
Meng, Nan
Wang, Peng
Wang, Yanping
Liu, Huan
Zhang, Xin
Zhuge, Ruiqian
Wang, Yuxuan
Yu, Tian
Gao, Yiran
Wang, Jun
Wang, Kexin
Wu, Qunhong
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.72361137562)
Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Declaration of Helsinki’s guiding principles were followed in the conduct of this investigation. The Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of Peking University approved the CHARLS (IRB00001052-11015), and all research participants signed an informed consent form.