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Authors
Cao, Xidong
Zhang, Liyong
Chen, Kai
Fu, Hua
Yi, Haizhao
Bai, Ziyu
Zhao, Luwen
Yu, Aijun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (H2021406047)
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Article History
Received: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 25 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: I confirm that the research has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University (No. CYFYLL2021018). The research programme complied with the basic elements of the Declaration of Helsinki. We ensure that all procedures strictly adhere to ethical guidelines to maintain the legality and integrity of the study. Participant data is accessible only to authorized researchers.
