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Authors
Li, Xiangyi
Yang, Mengyi
Zhang, Yue
Wan, Fangze
Zheng, Ziwei
Wang, Hongli
Zou, Shengqiang
Liu, Heliang
He, Hailan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
College Students’ Innovation Training Program Project (S202510081098)
Social development Project of Zhenjiang (SH2024039)
National Natural Science Foundation of China grants (U21A20334)
Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation of China (H2025209083)
Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation of China (H2025209038)
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Article History
Received: 16 November 2025
Accepted: 26 December 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study has been approved by the Ethics Review Committee of North China University of Science and Technology, and the participants signed the informed consent form.
