Chang, Yifan
Wang, Weibo
Tao, Junyue
Zheng, Zhenbin
Zhou, Jun
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team for Male Genitourinary Diseases in Anhui Provincial Universities (No. 2022AH010071)
the Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team for Male Genitourinary Diseases in Anhui Provincial Universities (No. 2022AH010071)
the Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team for Male Genitourinary Diseases in Anhui Provincial Universities (No. 2022AH010071)
the Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team for Male Genitourinary Diseases in Anhui Provincial Universities (No. 2022AH010071)
the Health Committee of Anhui Province, China (No. AHWJ2023BAc10007)
the Health Committee of Anhui Province, China (No. AHWJ2023BAc10007)
the Health Committee of Anhui Province, China (No. AHWJ2023BAc10007)
the Health Committee of Anhui Province, China (No. AHWJ2023BAc10007)
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 2 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The NHANES protocol was approved by the NCHS Ethics Review Committee, and all participants provided written informed consent. As this research involved secondary analysis of publicly available and de-identified data, further institutional review board approval was not necessary.