Gil-Prieto, Ruth
Hernandez-Barrera, Valentín
Marín-García, Patricia
González-Escalada, Alba
Gil-de-Miguel, Ángel
Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: RGP and AGM have received travel and research grants and have participated in advisory boards from Sanofi, Merck, Pfizer, Seqirus and Moderna. VHB, PMG and AGE have no conflicts of interest.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of Rey Juan Carlos University, which ruled that no formal ethics approval was required. The personal information of each subject was delivered to the researchers anonymously and was and deidentifed before the analysis, in strict compliance with the current Spanish and European legislation. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible institutional and/or National Research Committee and with the tenets of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and comparable ethical standards. The informed consent was waived by the Research and Ethics Committee of our institution because of the retrospective nature of the study and the analysis used anonymous clinical data.