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Authors
Jia, Ya-nan
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Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 30 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was entirely based on publicly available, anonymized secondary datasets. No new participants were recruited, nor was there any direct contact or intervention with human subjects. Therefore, in accordance with institutional and journal ethical guidelines, no additional ethics committee approval or new informed consent was required for the secondary analysis of publicly anonymized data. The original data collection was conducted by the data providers with the necessary ethical approval and informed consent from the participants.
