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Article History

Received: 12 July 2025

Accepted: 31 December 2025

First Online: 6 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (IRERC) of the College of Health Sciences at Debre Markos University approved the study, which was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol number for this approval is [R/C/S/D/317/01/16].

: Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.